ANDROID

Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middle-ware and key applications. Android is a software platform and operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux operating system and developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance. It allows developers to write managed code in a Java-like language that utilizes Google-developed Java libraries, but does not support programs developed in native code.

The unveiling of the Android platform on 5 November 2007 was announced with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 34 hardware, software and telecom companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. When released in 2008, most of the Android platform will be made available under the Apache free-software and open-source license.

Advantages

Open - Android allows you to access core mobile device functionality through standard API calls.

All applications are equal - Android does not differentiate between the phone's basic and third-party applications -- even the dialer or home screen can be replaced.

Breaking down boundaries - Combine information from the web with data on the phone -- such as contacts or geographic location -- to create new user experiences.

Fast and easy development - The SDK contains what you need to build and run Android applications, including a true device emulator and advanced debugging tools.

Disadvantages

Security - Making source code available to everyone inevitably invites the attention of black hat hackers.

Open Source - A disadvantage of open-source development is that anyone can scrutinize the source code to find vulnerabilities and write exploits.

Login - Platform doesn't run on an encrypted file system and has a vulnerable log-in.

Incompetence - Google’s dependence on hardware and carrier partners puts the final product out of their control.

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

Android has been criticized for not being all open-source software despite what was announced by Google. Parts of the SDK are proprietary and closed source, and some believe this is so that Google can control the platform. Software installed by end-users must be written in Java, and will not have access to lower level device APIs. This provides end-users with less control over their phone's functionality than other free and open source phone platforms, such as OpenMoko.

With all upcoming applications and mobile services Google Android is stepping into the next level of Mobile Internet. Android participates in many of the successful open source projects. That is, architect the solution for participation and the developers will not only come but will play well together. This is notable contrast with Apple and other companies, where such architecture of participation is clearly belated.

The first Android based official devices may well be launched sometime in the early half of 2009. Obviously, that's an age away when it comes to handset design, and Android may well find itself competing against the forthcoming Nokia touch screen phones and maybe even the iPhone 2.